Kutai Kingdom in the stage history of the archipelago have left traces of civilization. At least the built form of monarchy has got a touch of constitutional govern life in society. Constitutional monarchy called Panji Selaten, and Baraja Niti Law is the law that puts the combination of building indigenous aspects of egalitarianism, which is located between the Dayak and Kutai inland located near the center of power, where the top leadership is the king of Kutai. Building a constitution that remains grounded in the realm of "traditional" so-called "customary legal system sanctioned by the royal policy which also was based on the Personality '. And the result of the accumulation of "integration of religious values" into the royal power structure that forms the social character of the Malay culture is closer to the power structure. As a result, Dayak "haloq" is more likely to make ethnic identity in Kutai, and this is an indication that lead to impaired bargaining power "propaganda Islamiyah"
The objective of this study was to describe the ideal guarantee system of halal and thayib product from the juridical and politics aspects in the context of Indonesia. The research methodology is normative law research and literature approach. The data consists of primary law data, secondary law data, and tertiary law data. Then, the data were edited, classified, and explained descriptively. The data were analyzed by using inductive methods and content analysis. This study tried to describe the problems of current product guarantee system (ius constitutum) and the upcoming product guarantee system (ius contituendum). The study found that the need of halal product is dharuriah,and obligatory. It have the important benefits to Moslems. The problems of regulation overlapping in Indonesia should be ended by unification of the law, that is, the establishment of the regulation of halal product guarantee where BNP2H becomes the institutional halal product office. Meanwhile, MUI still have a strategic role, since it develops the construction of halal product guarantee system together with BNP2H. MUI is the only institution which has the authority to certify halal or non-halal of a product. This policy becomes a bridge to develop a unification of law and the uniform of institution of the halal product offices, so that, there is no more dualism institutions which certify halal product. It guarantees the system of halal product for Moslems in Indonesia.
Melihat begitu kompleksnya permasalahan reformasi birokrasi pendidikan dan kebijakan kemendikbud terhadap mutu pendidikan, penting untuk segera dilakukan reformasi birokrasi pendidikan secara sungguh-sungguh melalui: peningkatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, peningkatan kewenangan daerah untuk mengelola urusan pendidikan, dan memberikan kesempatan masing-masing satuan pendidikan untuk mengambil keputusan secara mandiri. Dengan cara ini, setidaknya kerancuan pandangan birokrat dimata publik dapat diminimalisir, kegiatan birokrasi pendidikan juga dapat berjalan secara efisien dan efektif. Strategi implementasi kebijakan dan peran birokrasi di bidang pendidikan dibutuhkan birokrasi pendidikan yang mampu beradaptasi dengan dinamika perubahan lingkungan dan memahami kebutuhan masyarakat yang dilayani. Kinerja birokrasi melalui responbilitas harus terus ditingkatkan untuk menciptakan pelayanan prima terutama merespon kepentingan publik. Lembaga pendidikan membutuhkan penghargaan dan perlakuan humanis ketimbang dijadikan sasaran ekploitasi dan kepentingan politis etis semata yang menegasikan tujuan utama dari pendidikan itu sendiri
Allegedly, some of judge's verdicts are gender-biased that it makes this an interesting research topic. This paper aims to observe gender sensitivity of judges' verdicts in Samarinda and Magelang Religious Courts as the implementation of PERMA Number 03 of 2017 during 2017-2019. As empirical normative legal research, this study used a qualitative descriptive method as the data analysis. The findings of research are: First, judges' verdicts, both in ṭalāq and divorce cases, in Magelang Religious Court showed very good gender sensitivity. The different condition occurred in ṭalāq divorce verdicts at Samarinda Religious Court during 2017 and 2018 although in 2019, it showed a little improvement on gender sensitivity. However, verdicts of divorce lawsuit from 2017 to 2019 did not show likewise and it was very poor in gender sensitivity. Second, in Magelang Religious Court, PERMA Number 03 of 2017 had been very well implemented whereas in Samarinda Religious Court, it did not so as there found no much differences between verdicts before issuence of the PERMA and afterward.(Beberapa putusan hakim dinilai bias gender sehingga topik ini menjadi menarik untuk diteliti. Tulisan ini ingin mengkaji sensitivitas gender dalam putusan hakim di Pengadilan Agama Magelang dan Samarinda serta implementasi PERMA Nomor 03 Tahun 2017 selama 2017-2019. Sebagai penelitian hukum normatif empiris, tulisan ini menggunakan metode analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Temuan penelitian adalah: Pertama, putusan hakim di Pengadilan Agama Magelang, baik dalam kasus cerai ṭalāq maupun cerai gugat, sudah menunjukkan sensitivitas gender yang sangat baik. Sementara itu untuk Pengadilan Agama Samarinda, putusan cerai ṭalāq pada 2017 dan 2018 tidaklah demikian meski ada sedikit kemajuan dalam hal sensitivitas gender pada putusan-putusan tahun 2019. Buruknya sensitivitas gender juga tampak di berbagai putusan cerai gugat di Pengadilan Agama Samarinda sejak 2017 sampai 2019. Kedua, PERMA Nomor 03 Tahun 2017 sudah terimplementasi dengan sangat baik di Pengadilan Agama Magelang. Namun demikian, hal yang sama tidak ditemukan di Pengadilan Agama Samarinda sebab keberadaan PERMA tersebut tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap putusan-putusan yang dikeluarkan sebelum maupun sesudahnya)
The state capital will be moved from Jakarta to East Kalimantan. The buffer zone for the new State Capital must prepare early for the presence of the State Capital. There will be a new development, population migration, job competition, transport overcrowding, and air pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to know the legal policies issued by the buffer zone of the new State Capital in determining the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) and the factors that influence it. Normative legal research method by using a positive legal system to get a juridical answer. As a result, the buffer zone of the state capital has not issued a legal policy on the RTRW in dealing with the new state capital. There are other policies issued, for example, the North Penajam Paser Regency issued regent regulation number 22 of 2019 concerning Supervision and Control of Land Sale/purchase Transactions/Transfer of Land Rights. The issuance of the RTRW legal policy can become the legality of development carried out by local governments and the prevention of legal actions, both violations, and crimes.
